鲸类消化道微生物研究进展与展望

Advances and Outlooks in Cetacean Gastrointestinal Microbiome Research

作为宿主的“第二套基因组”,消化道微生物与宿主的营养吸收和免疫抵御等功能紧密相关。与陆生哺乳动物相比,海洋哺乳动物鲸类的消化道微生物是目前国内外关注较少的研究领域。已有研究表明,鲸类消化道微生物极易受到食物和栖息地环境等因素的影响,然而现阶段研究手段以基于粪便样品进行高通量测序为主。本文对鲸类消化道微生物的研究手段、群落结构、功能特征和调控策略等方面的进展进行总结和分析,并对未来发展方向提出展望和建议。

The microbiome residing in the gastrointestinal tract,serving as the host's second genome,is closely linked to the intake of nutrient and the immune system's defense mechanism of hosts.Compared to terrestrial mammals,the gastrointestinal microbiome of marine mammal cetacean has received less attention.Several studies have demonstrated that the cetacean gastrointestinal microbiome is highly affected by factors such as diet and habitat environment.Currently,the primary approaches for these studies are high-throughput sequencing based on fecal samples.This review paper summarized and analyzed the research methodologies,community structure,functional characteristics,and regulatory strategies of the cetacean gastrointestinal microbiome,and several potential avenues for future development were also proposed.