基于风险的不良地质铁路山岭隧道施工安全管理研究

Risk-based construction safety management research for railway mountain tunnels with unfavorable geology

岩堆、软岩大变形、岩溶及富水断层、煤层、高地应力等不良地质对隧道施工安全影响大,对施工人员安全会造成极大威胁并大幅增加工程成本。开展基于风险的不良地质铁路山岭隧道施工安全管理研究,对于确保隧道施工安全意义重大。文章通过梳理铁路山岭隧道施工不良地质风险控制要点,结合郑渝高铁向家湾隧道施工安全管理实践,以具体突水事件处置过程为案例,总结利用超前预报和围岩监控量测、有害气体监测等手段,并以平导超前施工实现超前地质预报,充分发挥风险管理平台作用,制定针对性工程措施等安全管理成果。研究提出建立安全管理体系、强化安全过程控制、提高安全风险管理信息化应用水平、提高重大风险防范化解和应急处置能力等建议。

Unfavorable geology such as rock piles,large soft rock deformations,karst and water-rich faults,coal seams,high geostress,etc.have a great impact on tunnel construction safety and pose a great threat to the safety of construction personnel and increase project costs.Conducting research on riskbased construction safety management for railway mountain tunnels with challenging geological conditions is of paramount importance to ensure the safety of tunnel construction.By identifying risk control points of unfavorable geologies in railway mountain tunnel construction projects,this article combines the safety management practice used during the construction of the Zhengzhou-Chongqing high-speed railway Xiangjiawan tunnel,and takes a specifi c water oozing incident disposal process as a case study.In doing so,it summarizes the safety management achievements of these projects,such as the usage of over-advance forecasting and perimeter rock monitoring and measurement,hazardous gas monitoring,etc.,and utilizes over-advance geological forecasting by level-guided over-advance construction,giving full play to the role of a risk management platform.It then formulates targeted engineering measures,and studies and proposes the establishment of a safety management system,which aims to strengthen safety process controls,improve the level of informatization of safety risk management,and enhance capabilities in major risk prevention,resolution,and emergency response.