基于无人机摄影测量技术的高陡边坡危岩体特征构建与分析

Construction and Analysis of Dangerous Rock Mass Characteristics of High and Steep Slope Based on UAV Photogrammetry Technology

在高陡边坡的危岩体调查中,受限于调查人员可到达的范围,难以获取危岩体的特征参数,从而影响危岩体的稳定性判别。无人机摄影测量技术能够安全、快速、全面、精准的获取危岩体的特征信息。本文以鸡冠岭崩塌隐患为例,利用无人机摄影测量技术获取坡面高精度影像,通过提取点云数据构建三维模型,基于最小二乘法完成平面拟合获取危岩体的体积及结构面产状信息,并结合实际测量数据,采用赤平极射投影法和极限平衡法定性和定量评价危岩体的稳定性。经过分析计算,鸡冠岭崩塌四处主要危岩体的体积分别为102.86 m^(3)、355.27 m^(3)、236.60 m^(3)和454.91 m^(3),根据定性分析和定量计算,危岩体均为欠稳定状态。通过本文的实践,体现了无人机摄影测量技术在识别高位隐蔽危岩体方面的优势,对于发展基于无人机摄影测量技术定量判定危岩体的稳定性方面具有借鉴意义。

During rock slope investigations,the complexity of the terrain makes it difficult to effectively measure the structural plane.However,usage of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)photogrammetry provides safe,quick,accurate,and comprehensive information for investigations.This paper takes the Jiguanling rockfall disaster area as the study site and applied UAV photogrammetry to obtain high-precision images of rock slopes.Point cloud data were extracted from images and a 3D model was constructed to calculate the volume of dangerous rock mass.Plane fitting was based on the least squares method to obtain structural plane estimates of the dangerous rock mass.Combined with the physical measurement data,the stereographic projection method was used to judge the damage mode of the dangerous rock mass and the limit equilibrium method was used to calculate the stability coefficient of the dangerous rock mass.According to the modeling results,the volume of the dangerous rock at WY1 was 102.86 m^(3),WY2 was 355.27 m^(3),WY3 was 236.60 m^(3),and WY4 was 454.91 m^(3).Additionally,they were all in an under-stable state.This paper demonstrates the advantages of UAV photogrammetry technology in identifying high-level hidden dangerous rock mass.More specifically,this study highlights the significance of the development of quantitative estimations of dangerous rock stability based on UAV photogrammetry technology.