我国医疗保障水平的地区差异及其分布动态演进

Areal differences and dynamic evolution of medical security level in China

医疗保障是增进民生福祉,维护社会稳定的重要制度安排。基于2010—2021年31个省份的面板数据,利用熵值法、Dagum基尼系数和Kernel密度估计方法探究我国医疗保障水平的地区差异及其分布动态演进规律,结果显示:我国医疗保障水平总体呈上升趋势,2020—2021年略有下降,空间分布呈“东高西低”格局;各省份医疗保障的可及性水平、公平性水平、可持续性水平存在差异;医疗保障水平的地区差异主要来自区域间差异,并呈逐步变小的态势;东部地区内部医疗保障水平的绝对差异在变大,其他三大区域内部的绝对差异逐渐变小,且四大区域存在不同程度的极化现象。基于此,提出补齐重点地区医疗保障短板,统筹做好医疗保障资源城乡分配,推动地区间医疗保障水平协同提升等建议。

Medical security is an important institutional arrangement to promote people's well-being and maintain social stability.Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2010 to 2021,the entropy method,Dagum Gini coefficient and Kernel density estimation method are utilized to explore the regional differences in the level of China's medical security and the dynamic evolution of its distribution.The results show that the overall trend of China's medical security level is upward,with a slight decrease in 2020-2021,and the spatial distribution is in the pattern of"high in the east and low in the west".There are differences in the level of accessibility,fairness,and sustainability of medical security in various provinces.The areal differences in the level of medical security mainly come from inter-region differences,and show a gradually decreasing trend.Except for the eastern region,the absolute differences in the level of medical security are getting bigger,while the absolute differences in the other three major regions are gradually getting smaller.The absolute difference of medical security level in the eastern region is getting bigger,while the absolute difference in the other three regions is gradually getting smaller,and there are different degrees of polarization in the four regions.Based on this,recommendations have been put forward to make up for the shortcomings in medical security in key regions,coordinate the distribution of medical security resources between urban and rural regions,and promote synergistic upgrading of the level of medical security between areas.