2022年世界蜘蛛目新分类单元

New taxa of spiders(Araneae)from the world in 2022

蜘蛛是多样性最高的陆生节肢动物类群之一。定期对蜘蛛目新分类单元进行统计不仅可以支持履行《生物多样性公约》,还可有效服务于生物多样性研究与保护。本文总结了2022年全球发表的蜘蛛目新分类单元:340位学者发表了97个国家和地区的1,177个新分类单元(含琥珀),包括81新属1,096新种,隶属74科;这些新分类单元发表在60种刊物的289篇文章中,其中科和属水平的修订、地区志或专著类的文章共有23篇,占文章总数的8.0%;运用DNA分子数据分析方法的论文共计53篇,占文章总数的18.3%。中国是发现新种最多的国家,共362种,占世界新种总数的33.0%;中国学者李枢强是命名新分类单元数量最多的学者,共命名194个新分类单元,占世界新分类单元总数的16.5%。此外,无论是命名蜘蛛目新分类单元数量还是参与命名蜘蛛目新分类单元的学者数量,中国学者均位居第一;中国共有75位学者参与命名,占世界新分类单元命名学者总数量的22.1%;这75位学者命名了中国和缅甸等10个国家和地区50科的26新属410新种,合计436个新分类单元,命名新分类单元数量占世界37.0%,该贡献率高于2021年的33.8%和2016–2020年的平均贡献率28.1%。

Aim:Notwithstanding talk of a“taxonomic impediment”over the past 30 years,the exponential growth in the global number of newly described spider species during the 1975–2000 period,has continued unabated.This paper focuses on the advances in taxonomic studies of spiders in 2022 worldwide,with detailed statistical analyses of new taxa,type localities,arachnologists driving such research,and journals publishing their work.Progress:A total of 1,177 new taxa(including species in amber)were described in 2022,including 81 new genera and 1,096 new species.They belong to 74 families,with type localities spanning across 97 countries and jurisdictions.The new taxa were documented by 340 arachnologists in 289 papers,published separately in 60 journals.Out of these 289 papers,23 or 8%comprised monographs,regional studies,and revisions of selected higher taxa(at family and genus levels).The proportion of papers incorporating DNA analyses made up 18.3%(totaling 53 papers).China is the country with the highest number of new species discovered,a total of 362,accounting for 33.0%of the global tally.With as many as 75 arachnologists naming new spider taxa,China becomes the country with the highest number of publishing spider taxonomists,accounting for 22.1%of the world’s total.Among them,the most prolific arachnologist is Shuqiang Li who described a total of 194 new taxa,accounting for 16.5%of the new taxa described in 2022 worldwide.Altogether,Li and his remaining 74 Chinese colleagues described a total of 436 new taxa,comprising 26 new genera and 410 new species belonging to 50 families,from China,Myanmar,and eight other countries and jurisdictions.These new taxa described by Chinese arachnologists made up 37.0%of the 2022 global aggregate,an improvement over the Chinese output 2021(33.8%)and during the 2016–2020 period(28.1%on average).