乡村是如何争取政策资源的——一个“发展型村庄”的解释框架

How Villages Strive for Policy Resources:An Explanatory Framework for"Development-Oriented Villages"

政策下乡是推动中国乡村发展的重要支撑力量。在这一背景下,处于相同宏观制度环境的村庄,虽然具有相似的自然地理条件、资源禀赋特征,但在资源争取的结果和效率上却相去甚远,有的村庄甚至实现了从“缺资源”到资源“多”且“优”的转变。因此,观察村干部究竟是如何有效争取更多政策资源的,具有特殊意义。以河南省兰考县Z村为个案,尝试挖掘村庄争取政策资源的经验事实背后的“隐秘”维度,提炼出“发展型村庄”的解释框架,即以村治为主、以政绩为辅,确保争取政策资源优势的可持续性。这是一种脱胎于国家干预主义、有助于激发村庄内生动能的制度性实践,对全面推进乡村振兴具有重要意义。

The policy to the countryside is an important supporting force to promote the development of Chinese villages.In this context,although villages in the same macro-institutional environment have similar natural geographic conditions and resource endowment,the results and efficiency of resource striving are very different.Some villages have even realized the change from lack of resources to more and better resources.Therefore,it is of special significance to observe how village officials effectively strive for more policy resources.Taking Village Z in Lankao county,Henan as an example,we try to explore the"hidden"dimensions behind the empirical facts of the village's struggle for policy resources,and extract an explanatory framework for"development-oriented villages",ie.,to ensure the sustainability of the advantage of striving for policy resources by focusing on the village governance and supplementing with the political performance.This is an institutional practice derived from state interventionism that helps to stimulate the internal dynamics of villages,and is of great significance to the overall promotion of rural revitalization.