生长素调控水稻生长发育的研究进展

Research Progress of Auxin Regulation on Growth and Development of Rice

生长素(auxin,IAA)是一种重要的植物生长激素,普遍存在于各种植物和藻类中,其参与组织分化、器官发生、形态建成、向性反应和顶端优势等生理过程以及对复杂环境适应过程。目前双子叶植物拟南芥中生长素调控生长发育的机制已经基本清楚,但是生长素怎样在单子叶植物水稻中行使功能,仍有很多未解之谜。本文综述了近20年国内外关于生长素调控单子叶植物水稻根、茎、叶、花和籽粒生长发育的细胞学和生理机制,重点归纳整理了生长素相关基因对水稻生长发育的分子调控机制,展望了未来水稻中依靠生长素途径精准合成运输生长素的调控,以及利用生长素突变体表型变异的开发前景。

Auxin(IAA)is an important plant growth hormone that is ubiquitous in a variety of plants and algae.Auxin is involved in physiological processes such as tissue differentiation,organogenesis,morphological construction,tropism,and apical dominance.At present,the mechanism of auxin regulating growth and development in Arabidopsis thaliana dicotyledons is basically clear,but there are still many unsolved mysteries about how auxin functions in rice.In this paper,a series of biological events and physiological mechanisms of auxin regulating the growth and development of rice organs of monocots in the past two decades at home and abroad are reviewed,and the regulatory mechanism of auxin-related genes on rice organs is summarized,the precise synthesis of auxin in rice,relying on auxin pathway,and the use of auxin mutant phenotypic variation to develop plants in the future are prospected.