稻田综合种养土壤重金属空间变异特征与质量安全评价研究进展

Research Progress on Spatial Variability Characteristics and Quality Safety Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil for Integrated Paddy Cultivation

近年来,在我国20多个省份稻田综合种养规模上得到快速扩大,模式上得以创新推进,在脱贫攻坚、乡村振兴、农业绿色发展等进程中发挥了重要作用。但在稻田综合种养尤其是稻田轮作种养中,仍存在肥药施用不合理、饲料和饲料添加剂投入量大、污水灌溉等问题,致使来源不一的重金属元素持续在稻田土壤富集,长此以往将不仅影响水稻和水产禽类的正常生长发育与产量品质,也对农产品质量安全带来潜在影响。为此,本文阐述了稻田综合种养土壤重金属空间变异特征与质量安全评价研究进展,并提出研究展望,以期为促进稻田综合种养绿色高质量可持续发展提供理论参考。

In recent years,the scale of integrated cultivation in paddy fields had been rapidly expanded in more than 20 provinces in China,and the model had been innovated and promoted,which had played an important role in the process of poverty alleviation,rural revitalization,and green agricultural development.However,in the integrated cultivation in paddy fields,especially in paddy rotation cultivation,there were still problems such as unreasonable application of fertilizer and pesticide,large input of feed and feed additives,and sewage irrigation,resulting in the continuous enrichment of heavy metal elements from different sources in paddy soil,which will not only affect the normal growth and yield quality of rice and aquatic poultry in the long run,but also have a potential impact on the quality and safety of agricultural products.Therefore,the paper expounded the research progress on the spatial variation characteristics and quality and safety evaluation of heavy metals in the soil of integrated cultivation fields at different scales in China,in order to provide a theoretical reference for promoting the green,high-quality and sustainable development of integrated paddy cultivation.