认知-行为模型的团体心理干预对改善大学生手机依赖的效果

Psychological intervention of mobile phone dependence of college students based on cognitive-behavioral model

目的:探讨以认知-行为模型为理论基础设计的团体心理干预对于缓解大学生手机依赖问题的治疗效果。方法:采用便利取样的方式选择某大学存在手机依赖困扰的45名大学生,随机分为实验组(n=15)、安慰剂组(n=15)和对照组(n=15),对实验组进行基于认知-行为模型的手机依赖心理干预,安慰剂组接受与手机依赖主题无关的团体心理干预,对照组则正常生活,不参加任何心理辅导或咨询活动。3组被试均使用手机依赖指数量表(MPAI)中文版作为测评工具,同时结合个体的日均手机使用时长来共同探究干预前后各组实验数据的差异。结果:在前测中,各组的MPAI得分与日均手机使用时长均不存在显著差异(MPAI前测:F=0.79,P>0.05;日均手机使用时长前测:F=1.51,P>0.05)。但在后测中,实验组的MPAI得分与日均手机使用时长均得到了显著的改善(P<0.001),且都显著低于安慰剂组、对照组(P<0.01)。干预后1个月追踪测量显示,实验组各项数据依然显著低于其他两组,且与前测存在显著差异(P<0.001)。结论:基于认知-行为模型的团体心理干预能够有效缓解大学生的手机依赖水平,帮助其尽早摆脱对手机的过度使用,回归并保持健康的身心状态与生活方式。

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of group psychological intervention designed on the basis of cognitive-behavioral model on alleviating mobile phone dependence of college students.Methods:Forty-five college students with Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine dependence were randomly divided into experimental group(n=15),placebo group(n=15)and control group(n=15),the experimental group received psychological intervention based on the cognitive-behavioral model,the placebo group received group psychological intervention unrelated to the theme of mobile phone dependence,and the control group had normal life,did not participate in any psychological counseling or counseling activities.The three groups were assessed with the Chinese version of the mobile phone dependence index(MPAI),and the average daily mobile phone use was used to explore the difference of the experimental data before and after the intervention.Results:In the pre-test,there was no significant difference between the MPAI scores and the average daily mobile phone use duration in each group.However,in the post-test,the experimental group's MPAI score and average daily mobile phone use duration were significantly improved(MPAI pre and posttest:F=240.80,P<0.001,η2 P=0.85;Average daily mobile phone use duration pre and posttest:F=52.19,P<0.001,η2 P=0.55),and both were significantly lower than those of the placebo group and the control group(MPAI post-test:F=22.18,P<0.001,η2 P=0.51;Average daily mobile phone use duration post-test:F=10.46,P<0.001,η2 P=0.33).The 1-month post-intervention follow-up measurements showed that the experimental group's data were still significantly lower than the other two groups and significantly different from the pre-test(P<0.001).Conclusion:The group psychological intervention based on the cognitive-behavioral model can effectively relieve the mobile phone dependence level of college students and help them get rid of the excessive use of mobile phones as soon as possible,return to and maintain a healthy physical and mental state and lifestyle.