浅析俄罗斯建筑师专业标准对我国建设领域职业资格制度建设的启示

Analysis on the Implications of Russian Architects Professional Standards for the Development of Construction Professional Qual ification System in China

为适应经济社会发展现代化进程,俄罗斯于2012年正式发布了《俄罗斯联邦国家资格框架》,从责权范围、复杂性、科研度等方面将资格划分为9个级别,并给出了相应的实现途径,是俄罗斯联邦国家资格体系的重要组成与基础。在此基础上,专业标准作为资格体系的另一重要组成部分,于2012年年底被引入联邦劳动法,体现了资格框架在劳动力市场的具体实践与应用,现已形成了一套拥有1500余项的标准体系。建筑师专业标准作为该体系的重要一项,在2017年发布后历经多次修订,建立了独具特色、符合俄罗斯自身特点的框架体系,其内容与亮点对我国建设领域职业资格制度建设、对外合作交流和资格互认工作有很好的启迪与借鉴。

In order to adapt to the modernization process of economic and social development,Russia officially issued the National Qualifications Framework in 2012,which is an important component and foundation of the Russian Federation's national qualifications system,dividing qualifications into nine levels in terms of the level of responsibility and authority,complexity and scientific research,as well as the corresponding means of their realization.On this basis,Professional Standards were introduced into the Federal Labour Law at the end of 2012 as another important component of the national qualification system,reflecting the practical application of the qualification framework in the labour market,and a system of more than 1500 standards has now been formed.As an important part of the system,the professional standards for architects have been revised several times since their release in 2017,establishing a unique framework system in line with Russia's own features,and their contents and highlights are a good inspiration and reference for the development of the professional qualification system in China's construction sector,foreign cooperation and exchange,and mutual recognition of qualifications.