术前强化呼吸训练对肺癌患者术后肺功能、肺相关并发症的影响

Effect of Preoperative Intensive Respiratory Training on Postoperative Pulmonary Function and Lung-related Complications in Patients with Lung Cancer

目的:探讨术前强化呼吸训练对肺癌患者术后肺功能、肺相关并发症的影响。方法:选择鹰潭市人民医院收治的肺癌患者80例为研究对象,病例来源时间为2020年1月—2022年10月,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各40例。所有患者均实施肺癌根治术治疗,对照组实施围手术期常规护理,此基础上,观察组患者开展术前强化呼吸训练。比较两组第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(FEV_(1)%pred)、FEV_(1)占用力肺活量百分比(FEV_(1)/FVC%)、Borg评分、6分钟步行试验(6MWT)距离,以及术后肺不张、胸腔积液、肺部感染及低氧血症发生情况。结果:干预前,两组FEV_(1)%pred、FEV_(1)/FVC%、Borg评分、6MWT距离比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后,两组FEV_(1)%pred、FEV_(1)/FVC%、6MWT距离均低于干预前,Borg评分均高于干预前,但观察组FEV_(1)%pred、FEV_(1)/FVC%、6MWT距离均高于对照组,Borg评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组肺相关并发症发生率(7.50%)低于对照组(25.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:术前强化呼吸训练可减少肺癌患者术后相关并发症的发生,预防肺功能恶化,利于肺功能恢复,干预效果满意。

Objective:To investigate the effect of preoperative intensive respiratory training on postoperative pulmonary function and lung-related complications in patients with lung cancer.Method:A total of 80 patients with lung cancer admitted to Yingtan City People's Hospital were selected as the research objects,and the cases originated from January 2020 to October 2022.They were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.All patients were treated with radical resection of lung cancer,and the control group was treated with perioperative period routine nursing.On this basis,patients in the observation group were treated with preoperative intensive respiratory training.The forced expiratory volume in one second percentage of the preadicted value(FEV_(1)%pred),percentage of FEV_(1)%pred to forced vital capacity(FEV_(1)/FVC%),Borg score,six minutes walk test(6MWT)distance,and postoperative pulmonary atelectasis,pleural effusion,pulmonary infection and hyoxemia were compared between the two groups.Result:Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in FEV_(1)%pred,FEV_(1)/FVC%,Borg score and 6MWT distance between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,FEV_(1)%pred,FEV_(1)/FVC%and 6MWT distance in both groups were lower than those before intervention,and Borg scores in both groups were higher than those before the intervention,but FEV_(1)%pred,FEV_(1)/FVC%and 6MWT distance in observation group were higher than those in control group,and Borg score in observation group was lower than that in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of lung-related complications in observation group(7.50%)was lower than that in control group(25.00%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Preoperative intensive respiratory training can reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications in patients with lung cancer,prevent pulmonary function deterioration,and facilitate the recovery of pulmonary function,with satisfactory intervention effect.