鼻咽癌放疗后残留的研究进展

Research Progress of Residual Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma after Radiotherapy

鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma,NPC)是我国常见的头颈部恶性肿瘤,在我国华南地区较为高发,尤其是广东省,又被称为“广东癌”。由于鼻咽特殊的解剖位置及良好的放射敏感性,使得放射治疗成为鼻咽癌的主要治疗方式。然而,患者在鼻咽癌放疗结束后经常会出现肿瘤残留。目前对于肿瘤残留的诊断、治疗以及肿瘤残留对预后的影响尚存在很多争议。对于肿瘤残留的诊断,有多种方式,如各种不同的影像学、病理组织学活检等,我们应充分发挥各种检查手段的优势、提高诊断的准确性。另一方面,需及时、有效地判定肿瘤残留,避免错过最佳干预时机。针对残留病灶的处理,需要结合病灶的位置、大小、浸润范围等来制定治疗策略。既往的多个研究表明,肿瘤残留患者预后更差。本文就鼻咽癌放疗后肿瘤残留的有关问题研究做一综述。

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a common malignant tumor of head and neck in China,which has a high incidence in South China,especially in Guangdong Province,also known as"Guangdong cancer".Because of the special anatomical location and good radiosensitivity of nasopharynx,radiotherapy has become the main treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.However,tumor residues often occur in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.At present,there is still a lot of controversy about the diagnosis,treatment and the effect of tumor residue on prognosis.For the diagnosis of tumor residue,there are many ways,such as a variety of different imaging,histopathological biopsy,etc.We should give full play to the advantages of various examination methods to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.On the other hand,it is necessary to determine tumor residue in a timely and effective manner to avoid missing the best opportunity for intervention.For the treatment of residual lesions,it is necessary to formulate treatment strategies based on the location,size and infiltration range of the lesions.Multiple previous studies have shown that patients with tumor residue have a worse prognosis.This article reviews the research on the tumor residue of nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.