黄精皂苷与多糖超声辅助提取工艺优化及降血糖活性研究

Study on the technology of ultrasonic assisted combined extraction of saponins and polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum and its hypoglycemic activity

目的:以黄精为原料,开发高效协同提取黄精皂苷(Polygonatum sibiricum sponins,PSSs)和多糖(Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides,PSPs)的工艺,并考察提取物及其复合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制活性。方法:采用超声波法辅助复合酶解提取PSSs和PSPs,考察超声料液比、超声时间、超声温度、酶解时间、酶添加量、酶解料液比、热水提取温度及热水提取时间等因素对PSSs、PSPs得率的影响,并利用Box-Behnken试验进行优化。结果:PSSs和PSPs的最佳协同提取工艺条件为超声温度50℃,超声时间50 min,超声料液比1∶25(g/mL),酶解时间2 h,酶添加量3053 U/g,酶解料液比1∶25(g/mL),热水提取温度80℃,热水提取时间1 h,此条件下,两步提取PSSs总得率为12.22%,PSPs得率为27.07%;PSSs和PSPs对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶活性均具有抑制作用,且二者复合后仍具有较好的抑制作用。结论:经优化后获得了黄精皂苷和多糖高效协同提取的工艺条件,且与单一组分相比,二者复合后降血糖活性有所提高。

Objective:With the Polygonatum sibiricum as raw material,to develop a process for the combined extraction of Polygonatum sibiricum sponins(PSSs)and polysaccharides(PSPs),and the inhibitory activities of the extract and their complexes(PSSs-PSPs)onα-glucosidase andα-amylase were investigated.Methods:PSSs and PSPs were performed using ultrasound combined with enzymatic hydrolysis.The effects of solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic time,and ultrasonic temperature on the yield of PSSs,the types of multi-enzymes,the proportion of complex enzymes,enzymolysis time,enzyme dosage,solid-liquid ratio,hot water extraction time,and hot water extraction temperature on the yield of PSPs were investigated,and the Box-Behnken experiment design was used to optimize the extraction of PSSs and PSPs.Results:The optimum extraction parameters of PSSs and PSPs were as follows:ultrasonic temperature was 50℃,ultrasonic time was 50 min,ultrasonic solid-liquid ratio was 1∶25(g/mL),enzymolysis time was 2 h,enzyme dosage was 3053 U/g,solid-liquid ratio was 1∶25(g/mL),hot water extraction temperature was 80℃,and hot water extraction time was 1 h.Under the control of these conditions,the total yield of PSSs and PSPs was 12.22%and the 27.07%.The inhibitory activities of the extract and their complexes(PSSs-PSPs)onα-glucosidase andα-amylase were verified,and their complexes also have a good inhibitory effect on those enzymes.Conclusion:The process conditions for the efficient synergistic extraction of polygonatin and polysaccharide were obtained after optimization.Compared with a single component,the hypoglycemic activity of their complexes was improved.