玄参升麻汤的组方原则及其学术价值初探

A Preliminary Study on Prescription Principle and Academic Value of Xuanshen Shengma Decoction(玄参升麻汤)

首见于《卫生宝鉴》的“玄参升麻汤”,药物组成包括玄参、升麻、白僵蚕、牛蒡子、连翘、防风、黄芩、黄连、桔梗、甘草等10味药物。组方原则可以归纳为“辛散咸软,祛风痰,解热毒”。该组方原则反映了咽喉病的病因病机不外“风”“火”“痰”郁结于咽喉所致,也体现了咽喉病风邪宜散,实火宜泻,虚火宜清降,痰、火、瘀胶结者宜化痰、降火、散结兼用的治疗原则,对于咽喉病的防治有积极的指导作用和学术探讨价值。

Xuanshen Shengma Decoction(玄参升麻汤),first seen in the Health Treasure,consists of 10 drugs,including Xuanshen(Scrophulariae Radix),Baijiangcan(Cimicifugae Rhizoma),Baijiangcan(Bombyx Batryticatus),Niubangzi(Arctii Fructus),Lianqiao(Forsythiae Fructus),Fangfeng(Saposhnikoviae Radix),Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix),Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),Jiegeng(Platycodonis Radix)and Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma).The principle of prescription formation can be summarized as“pungent drugs for dispersing and salty drugs for softening and dispelling wind and phlegm,relieving heat and toxins”.The principle of this prescription reflects the etiology and pathogenesis of throat disease,but it is caused by the stagnation of“wind”,“fire”and“phlegm”in the throat.It also reflects the treatment principle that the wind evil of throat disease should be dispersed,the real fire should be reduced,the deficiency fire should be cleared and reduced,and the combination of phlegm,fire and blood stasis should be used to dissolve phlegm,reduce fire and disperse the mass.It has a positive guiding role and academic discussion value for the prevention and treatment of throat disease.