构木为巢:传统建筑大木作构造语境下的数形思维

Construction as Nest:Numerical Thinking in the Context of Traditional Carpentry Construction

在木构建筑体系营造中,抽象的“数”与“形”在数形思维的设计运作下转化为实际的梁架结构与造型形式。如何从“数”与“形”的角度去解读传统木构建筑,是一个具有极大阐释空间的跨学科问题。文章就此着重选取构木为巢的大木作建筑营造作为探讨的切入点,分别从传统大木作屋顶形制的线性化、空间构成的度量性、布局形态的组合式这三个方面进行综合梳理;经过梳理比较,认为:数与形在尺度、法式、算制中权衡、演绎,逐步构建出一座建筑物的稳中求变、主次分明的全幅形象,由此数形思维与建筑营造之间建立起了紧密的共联性。

In the construction of wooden building systems,abstract "numbers" and "shapes" are transformed into actual beam structures and forms through the design operation of numerical thinking.How to interpret traditional wooden architecture from the perspectives of "number" and "form" is an interdisciplinary issue with great explanatory space.In this regard,the article focuses on the construction of the Carpentry building with the frame as the nest as the starting point for discussion.After sorting and comparing,the article believes that the balance and deduction between number and form in scale,formula,and calculation system gradually construct a comprehensive image of a building that seeks stability and change,with clear priorities.This establishes a close connection between numerical thinking and architectural creation.