《史记》对《论语》的接受与再诠释探究

An Inquiry into the Reception and Reinterpretation of The Analects of Confucius in The Historical Records

司马迁在撰写《史记》的过程中,表现出对《论语》的高度重视。由于西汉儒学复苏的影响以及司马迁本人对孔子尊崇,《史记》对《论语》的接受程度很高:《史记》不仅将《论语》作为可采信的史料,而且在政治主张与历史人物的评价上都以《论语》作为依据。以对《论语》的接受为基础,《史记》还对《论语》进行了再诠释:在内容方面,司马迁化《论语》的议论为叙事;在思想方面,《史记》体现出明显的政治哲学倾向。同时,《史记》对《论语》的再诠释,对于《论语》的经典化也产生了积极的影响。

In the course of writing The Historical Records,Sima Qian demonstrated a high regard for The Analects of Confucius.Due to the influence of the revival of Confucianism in the Western Han Dynasty and Sima Qian's own respect for Confucius,The Historical Records greatly appreciates The Analects:the former treats the latter as an admissible historical source,and bases its evaluation of political ideas and historical figures on the latter.Based on the acceptance of The Analects,The Historical Records also reinterprets The Analects:in terms of content,Sima Qian transforms the discourses of The Analects into narratives;in terms of ideology,The Historical Records reflects a clear tendency towards political philosophy.At the same time,the reinterpretation of The Analects in The Historical Records also had a positive impact on the classicalization of The Analects.