美国非国家行为体参与北极环境治理探析

AN EXPLORATION OF U.S.NON-STATE ACTORS’PARTICIPATION IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE

作为地球生态系统中最为敏感脆弱的地区之一,北极地区的气候变化和环境治理问题一直是国际社会关注的焦点。随着全球化的快速发展,非国家行为体的治理能力和影响力日益增强,逐渐发展成为北极环境治理体系中的重要一环。美国的非国家行为体如非政府组织、智库及相关企业通过影响政府议程设置与决策进程、密切配合打“组合拳”、开展舆论宣传以争取公众支持以及拓展国际伙伴关系网络等方式积极参与北极环境治理,为推进北极环境保护和美国政府参与北极治理进程发挥了不可替代的作用。非国家行为体的发展趋势不可阻挡,中国也应积极利用非国家行为体在全球环境治理中发挥引领性作用。

As one of the most sensitive and fragile regions of the Earth’s ecosystem,climate change and environmental governance in the Arctic region have been the focus of international attention.And with the rapid development of globalization,the governance capacity and influence of non-state actors are increasing and gradually developing into an important part of the Arctic environmental governance system.In the United States,for example,key non-state actors such as non-governmental organizations,think tanks,and related busi-nesses are actively involved in Arctic environmental governance by influencing government agenda-setting and decision-making proces-ses,working closely together,mobilizing public support through public outreach and expanding their network of international partner-ships.The trend of non-state actors is unstoppable,and China should also actively leverage non-state actors to promote its proactive role in the Arctic and global environmental governance.