埃及塞西政府经济发展模式及其形成根源

Egypt’s Sisi Government’s Economic Development Model and It’s Origin

埃及在塞西执政以来推行的经济政策带有明显的新自由主义色彩,同时采取了一系列带有全民福利形式的举措。政府一方面减税、取消补贴以吸引国内外资本,另一方面推行全民项目和福利项目以满足国民基本经济需求。虽然各社会集团都广泛参与了政府的各种经济改革,但军方及其下属的企业和经济组织一直主导着这一过程。塞西政府经济发展模式的性质是军方经济主导下的国家—新自由主义模式,这一模式形成的客观原因在于国家的经济危机,主观原因则在于埃及军队经济自身的发展演变过程。萨达特执政后,军方与国内各利益集团共同发展,并深度融入了全球新自由主义经济,2013年后军方控制政权,这些原因共同决定了政府的经济发展模式。

Egypt’s economic policy since the Sisi came into power has obvious color of neoliberal and it had also taken a series of measures with the form of national welfare.On the one hand,the government reduce taxes and cancels subsidies to attract domestic and foreign capital,and it carries out national programs and welfare programs to meet the basic economic needs of the country on the other hand.Although many social groups have participated in various economic reform initiatives of government,the military and its subordinate enterprises and organizations have been leading the process.The nature of the economic development model of Sisi government can be called the State-Neoliberalism model led by military economy.The objective reason for the formation of this model is the economic crisis of the country and the subjective reason is the development and evolution process of military economy itself.Since the Sadat period,the military and domestic interest groups have developed together and deeply integrated into global neoliberal economy.After the year 2013,the military controlled the regime.These reasons lead to the government’s economic development model.