部分多聚焦叠加方法在准噶尔盆地低信噪比地震资料中的应用

Application of partial multi-focus stacking to field data with low signal to noise ratio in Junggar Basin

多聚焦叠加是目前已知的最佳零偏移距叠加成像方式。对多聚焦叠加方法做改进,利用得到的波场参数来提高叠前地震资料的质量。利用多聚焦波场参数做部分多聚焦叠加,对菲涅尔带内的多个相邻CMP(共中心点)道集做倾角、曲率等校正后合并为一个道集即多聚焦超道集(部分多聚焦叠加),可以补齐缺失地震道,实现叠前数据规则化,并提高信噪比,从而使得叠前道集中的同相轴尤其是来自深层的反射轴有更好的连续性,有利于识别和追踪。提高质量后的叠前道集可用于后续的速度分析、叠加、偏移等常规处理中,效果好于原始CMP道集。模型和实际地震数据的处理结果验证了该方法的正确性和有效性,该方法在低信噪比地震资料处理中将会有广阔的应用前景。

Multi-focus stacking is the best known stacking method at present.This article improves the multi-focus stacking method and uses the obtained wavefield parameters to enhance the quality of pre-stack seismic data.By partially stacking multi-focus wavefield parameters,multiple neighboring CMP(common middle point)traces in the Faujille band are corrected for inclination,curvature,etc.and merged into one trace,known as the multiple focusing super trace,to fill in missing seismic traces and achieve regularization of pre-stack data and improve signal-to-noise ratio.This enhances the continuity of events,especially from deeper reflections,in the pre-stack trace,which is beneficial for recognition and tracking.The improved quality pre-stack trace can be used in subsequent conventional processing such as velocity analysis,stacking,and offset,with better results than the original CMP trace.The calculation results of the model and actual data verify the correctness and effectiveness of this method.The method will have a broad application prospect in the processing of low signal-to-noise ratio data.