冬季非坞区卧泊船舶船员履职能力探究

Study on the Performance Capabilities of Seafarers on Non-dock Berthing Ships in Winter

在黑龙江水系约五个月的流凌期和冰封期,相当一部分船舶在综合考虑后,选择在非坞区卧泊。由于内河船舶老旧船占比较高,船员整体素质不高,非坞区卧泊又缺少必要的安全保障,提升非坞区卧泊船舶船员履职能力成为消除流凌期及冰封期船舶险情的重要举措。海事部门应转变服务职能,创新监管及服务模式,采用“六员合一”模式提升船员履职能力,保障船舶冬季非坞区卧泊安全。

During the ice-drifting period and ice-sealing period of about five months in Heilongjiang River system,a considerable number of ships choose to berth in non-docking areas out of a comprehensive consideration.Due to the high proportion of old vessels in those engaged in inland voyages,the low quality of seafarers,and the lack of necessary safety guarantee in non-dock berth areas,to improve seafarers'capabilities in performind duties on board such vessels has become an important measure to eliminate the dangerous situation of ships during the ice-drifting period and ice-sealing period.The maritime administration should transform service functions,innovate supervision and service modes,and adopt a"six in one"model,so as to enhance seafarers'ability to perform duties and ensure the safety of ships in non-docking areas in winter.