论元代乡村治理的举措与策略

On the Measures and Strategies of Rural Governance in the Yuan Dynasty

元代在乡村治理方面创造了一些新的举措。元代利用民间“社日”祭祀习俗和结社互助传统,把村社制作为乡村治理的重要组织形式,既对稳定统治秩序、恢复农业生产起到积极的推动作用,也表现出因俗而治的政治智慧。从元代乡村治理的全局性举措、元代立社蕴含的治理之策和元代村社制的治理效能三方面对这一问题进行阐述。

The Yuan Dynasty created many new measures in rural governance,especially by utilizing the folk custom of"praying day"worship and the tradition of mutual assistance,making village communities an important organizational form of rural governance,which not only played a positive role in stabilizing the ruling order and restoring agricultural production,but also demonstrated the political wisdom of governing according to customs.This article mainly elaborates on this issue from three aspects:the overall measures of rural governance in the Yuan Dynasty,the governance strategies contained in the establishment of and the governance efficiency of the village community system in the Yuan Dynasty.