从“作者之死”到“文本之生”——罗兰·巴特“作者之死”观念的理论呼唤

From“Death of the Author”to“Birth of the Text”:On the Theoretical Call for Roland Barthes’Concept of“Death of the Author”

“作者之死”是罗兰·巴特文本理论中极具破坏力和感召力的一个理论观点,“文本之生”是罗兰·巴特通过对参与文学活动的读者的呼唤所期冀的新的文学氛围和文论环境。对写作本身的讨论表现了罗兰·巴特对写作者和作者这两种身份的理论认识,进而也为其连接写作实践与接受实践的文本概念的建立奠定了基础。“作者之死”理论在今天的文论构建过程中具有理论层和实践层的意义,不同于作品的文本概念不仅能够将“作者之死”和“文本之生”统一在整体的文学活动中,也实证了作者和读者围绕文本展开的文学实践的延续性与同一性。

The“death of the author”is one of the most powerful and inspiring theoretical ideas in Roland Barthes’textual theory,and the“birth of the text”is the new literary atmosphere and literary environment that Roland Barthes hoped for by calling on the readers who are involved in literary activities.The discussion of writing itself demonstrates Roland Barthes’s theoretical understanding of the identities of“writer”and“author,”and in turn lays the groundwork for his concept of“text”which connects the practice of writing with the practice of receiving.The concept of“text”,which connects the practice of writing and the practice of reception,lays the foundation for Barthes’concept of“text”.The theory of“death of the author”has both theoretical and practical significance in the process of literary construction today.The concept of“text”,which is different from the work,can not only unify the“death of the author”and the“birth of the text”in the overall literary activity,but also confirms the continuity and homogeneity of the literary practice of authors and readers around the“text”.