“明显不当”行政行为的司法认定——基于行政裁判案例的分析

Judicial Determination of the“Obviously Inappropriate”Administrative Act:Cases Analysis Based on Administrative Adjudication

《行政诉讼法》修改将“明显不当”作为了行政行为撤销或部分撤销理由之一,为法院审查行政行为合理性问题提供了明确依据。但“明显不当”行政行为的司法认定方式比较混乱,主要包括双重确认的认定方式、替代的认定方式、“无中生有”的认定方式、“摒除使用”的认定方式、列举的认定方式等。因此,我们应对“明显不当”行政行为的司法认定进行完善,包括明晰“明显不当”的适用范围和明确行政行为“明显不当”的认定标准。

In the revision of“Administrative Procedure Law”,“obviously inappropriate”has been taken as one of the reasons for revocation or partial revocation of administrative acts,which provides an explicit basis for the court to examine the rationality of administrative acts.However,the judicial identification of obvious inappropriate administrative acts is chaotic,which mainly include the ways of double confirmation,the ways of substitution,the ways of“creation out of nothing”,the ways of“exclusion”and enumeration,etc.Therefore,we should improve the judicial determination of obviously inappropriate administrative acts,including both the clear scope of application and clear standards for the identification of obvious inappropriate administrative acts.