乙蒜素防控甘蔗白条病效果及其促生作用

Effect of ethylicin on prevention and control of sugarcane leaf scald and its promoting effect on growth

为了探索仿生类、内吸性化学药剂乙蒜素能否用于甘蔗病害防控及是否具有促生效果,通过室内抑菌试验、毒力测定、桶栽施药试验,评价乙蒜素对白条黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas albilineans(Ashby)Dowson)引起的甘蔗白条病的防控效果,同时通过桶栽施药试验对不同浓度乙蒜素处理的甘蔗进行农艺性状、生物量等表型测定,并结合光合、根系及抗逆等生理特性评价其促生作用。毒力测定结果显示,乙蒜素毒力回归方程为y=26.29x-30.29,相关系数R2为0.9489,有效中质量浓度EC50为1132.43μg/mL。病害防控及促生试验结果显示:80%乙蒜素1000倍稀释液防控促生效果最佳。该处理下,施药42 d未检测出甘蔗白条病阳性植株,而对照(CK)阳性检出率100%。相较于CK,该处理(施药42 d)的甘蔗叶片叶绿素含量增加24.93%、净光合速率增加64.97%,根系活力增加62.44%,促生效果明显;抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT活性分别提高21.32%、44.32%、54.32%;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸等叶片渗透调节物质含量分别增加17.40%、17.39%、17.78%,而MDA含量减少22.74%,缓解膜脂过氧化、维持细胞膜的稳定性,增强甘蔗抗逆性。综上,80%乙蒜素1000倍稀释液对甘蔗白条病具有较好的防控效果且对甘蔗具有促生作用。

In order to explore whether the biomimetic and endogenous chemical agent ethylicin can be used to prevent and control sugarcane disease and whether it can promote the growth of sugarcane,the indoor antibacterial tests,toxicity tests,and barrel planting application tests were carried out to evaluate the prevention and control effect of ethylicin on sugarcane leaf scald caused by Xanthomonas albilineans(Ashby)Dawson.At the same time,the agronomic traits,biomass,and other phenotypes of sugarcane treated with different concentrations of ethylicin were determined by pot planting experiments,and the growth promoting effects were evaluated by combining the physiological characteristics such as photosynthesis,root system,and stress resistance.The results of toxicity test showed that the toxicity regression equation of ethylicin was y=26.29x-30.29,the correlation coefficient R2 was 0.9489,and the effective middle mass concentration EC50 was 1132.43μg/mL.The results of disease prevention and control and growth promotion experiments showed that the 1000-fold dilution of 80%ethylicin was the best.Under this treatment,no sugarcane leaf scald positive plant was detected after 42 days of application,while the positive rate of the control(CK)was 100%.Moreover,compared with CK,the chlorophyll content in sugarcane leaves increased by 24.93%,the net photosynthetic rate increased by 64.97%,and the root activity increased by 62.44%,indicating a significant growth promoting effect.In addition,compared with CK,the antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD,POD,and CAT under this treatment increased by 21.32%,44.32%,and 54.32%respectively.The content of soluble sugar,soluble protein,proline and other osmotic regulating substances in leaves increased by 17.40%,17.39%,and 17.78%,respectively,while the content of MDA decreased by 22.74%,alleviating membrane lipid peroxidation,maintaining cell membrane stability and enhancing the stress resistance of sugarcane.In summary,the 1000-fold dilution of 80%ethylicin has a good control effect on sugarcane leaf scald and has a promoting effect on sugarcane growth.