基于激光点云数据的排水管道形变类缺陷定量检测技术

Quantitative Detection Technology for Pipeline DeformationDefects Based on Laser Point Cloud Data

排水管道变形和起伏是常见的管道结构性缺陷,而管道CCTV(Closed Circuit Television)检测成果由于无法得到准确的管道三维空间参数,在人工缺陷判读时,常常出现漏判和误判情况。为此,本文提出了基于激光点云数据的管道变形类缺陷自动化识别方法,通过计算管道点云截面拟合椭圆相关信息,给出了管道变形缺陷表征参数和基于随机一致性抽样的管道起伏表征参数计算方法。实证结果表明,该方法可以准确得到管道变形和起伏缺陷的位置、等级及长度等关键信息,且在管道变形缺陷识别的准确率上优于人工CCTV缺陷判读。本研究表明,相比于传统的CCTV检测,三维激光检测成果在管道缺陷定量化检测方面具有检测精度高、数字化应用强等优势,具有良好的三维可视化及自动化处理发展前景。本研究实现了管道变形和起伏缺陷的三维激光定量检测,进一步地,可构建更全面的管道缺陷三维激光点云特征参数,实现全类型缺陷管道三维激光自动化检测与评估。

Deformation and fluctuation of drainage pipelines are common structural defects in pipelines,and due to the inability to obtain accurate 3D(three-dimensional)spatial parameters of pipelines through CCTV inspection results,omissions and misjudgments often occcur in manual defect interpretation.In response to the problem of automated detection and analysis of pipeline defects,this paper constructs characterization parameters for pipeline deformation and undulation defects,and proposes an automated identification method for pipeline deformation defects based on laser point cloud data.By calculating the ellipse related information of pipeline point cloud cross-section fitting,the characterization parameters of pipeline deformation defects and the calculation method of pipeline undulation characterization parameters based on random consistency sampling are provided.The empirical results show that this method can accurately obtain key information such as the position,grade,and length of pipeline deformation and undulation defects,and the accuracy of pipeline deformation defection is better than that of artificial CCTV defect interpretation.The study shows that compared to traditional CCTV detection,the 3D laser detection has such advantages as high detection accuracy and strong digital application in quantitative detection of pipeline defects,and has good prospects for the development of 3D visualization and automated processing.This study has achieved 3D laser quantitative detection of pipeline deformation and undulation defects.Furthermore,comprehensive 3D laser point cloud feature parameters of pipeline defects can be constructed to achieve 3D laser automated detection and evaluation of all types of defects in pipelines.