洪涝灾害下考虑需求紧迫度的应急物资配送研究——以安徽省为例

RESEARCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF EMERGENCY SUPPLIES CONSIDERING THE URGENCY OF DEMAND UNDER FLOODING DISASTER-ANHUI PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

为减少洪涝灾害时的经济损失,构建考虑灾区对应急物资的需求程度约束和软时间窗约束的路径优化模型,考虑车辆行驶速度受天气差异影响的变化,建立晴天、雨天、阴天不同车速模型,设计混合遗传算法求解。以安徽省为算例背景,运用Matlab进行仿真,研究结果表明:考虑需求紧迫度模型中的4种不同天气下的最优配送车辆路径总成本和配送时间均要低于不考虑需求紧迫度路径模型。其中,晴天时考虑需求紧迫度模型的总成本比不考虑需求紧迫度模型的总成本减少了5.86%;小雨天考虑需求紧迫度模型的总成本比不考虑需求紧迫度模型的总成本减少了4.55%;中雨天考虑需求紧迫度模型的总成本比不考虑需求紧迫度模型的总成本减少了4.29%;阴天考虑需求紧迫度模型的总成本比不考虑需求紧迫度模型的总成本减少了4.43%,此模型缩短应急物资运输时间,减少物资分配运输成本。

In order to reduce economic losses during flood disasters,a path optimization model was constructed considering the degree constraints of demand for emergency materials in disaster areas and the constraints of soft time window.Considering the changes of vehicle speed affected by weather differences,different vehicle speed models were established on sunny,rainy and cloudy days,and a hybrid genetic algorithm was designed to solve the problem.Taking Anhui Province as an example,Matlab simulation is carried out.The results show that the total cost and delivery time of the optimal delivery vehicle route under four different weather conditions in the model considering demand urgency are lower than those in the model without considering demand urgency.Among them,the total cost of the model considering demand urgency on sunny days is reduced by 5.86%compared with that of the model without considering demand urgency.The total cost of the model considering demand urgency reduced by 4.55%compared with the model without considering demand urgency.The total cost of the model considering the urgency of demand is reduced by 4.29%compared with the model without the urgency of demand.The total cost of the urgent demand model on cloudy days is reduced by 4.43%compared with the total cost of the model without urgent demand.This model shortens the transportation time of emergency materials and reduces the transportation cost of materials distribution.