熊胆抗心脑血管疾病药理作用及机制研究进展

Research progress in pharmacological effectsand mechanism of Fel Ursi against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

熊胆为熊科动物黑熊Selenarctos thibetanus或棕熊Ursus arctos经胆囊手术引流胆汁而得的干燥品,是我国珍稀动物药材之一,具有清热解毒,息风止痉,清肝明目等功效。研究发现熊胆还具有抗炎、抗凋亡和抗氧化应激等心脑血管疾病有关药理作用。近年来,大量研究证实心脑血管疾病与肠道菌群及肠道代谢物有着密切相关,熊胆中胆汁酸类成分与肠道菌群和肠道代谢物之间存在双向调节,这也可能是熊胆在心脑血管疾病方面的潜在治疗途径。该文全面总结了国内外相关文献报道,综述了熊胆抗心脑血管疾病药理作用的研究进展以及熊胆对肠道菌群和肠道代谢物的影响,以期为熊胆后续深入研究和临床应用提供参考。

Fel Ursi is a dried product obtained from the gallbladder of Ursidae animals,such as Selenarctos thibetanus or Ursus arctos,through gallbladder surgery for bile drainage.It is one of the rare animal medicinal materials in China and is known for its therapeutic effects,including clearing heat,removing toxins,extinguishing wind,relieving spasms,clearing the liver,and improving vision.Research has also found that Fel Ursi has pharmacological effects against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,such as anti-inflammatory,anti-apoptotic,and antioxidant stress properties.Recently,numerous studies have confirmed the close relationship between cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the gut microbiota as well as gut metabolites.Fel Ursi contains bile acid components that may have bidirectional regulatory effects on the gut microbiota and gut metabolites.This aspect could represent a potential therapeutic pathway for Fel Ursi in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.This article comprehensively summarized relevant literature in China and abroad,reviewed the research progress on the pharmacological effects of Fel Ursi against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and explored the impact of Fel Ursi on gut microbiota and gut metabolites,thereby aiming to provide references for further in-depth research and clinical application of Fel Ursi.