牡丹皮药材、药渣以及药渣堆肥化学成分和营养成分差异研究

Chemical and nutrient differences between medicinal material,residues,and residue compost of Moutan Cortex

牡丹皮药渣是牡丹皮提取后产生的废弃物,可重新提取活性成分、开发成有机肥、饲料等,但是目前作为生活垃圾进行处理,污染环境。究其原因主要在于相关的基础研究薄弱阻碍了牡丹皮渣的循环利用。基于此,该文采用UPLC-UV-QTOF-MS结合多元统计方法对牡丹皮药材、药渣及药渣堆肥的化学成分进行分析。另外,该文还对牡丹皮药渣及其堆肥的营养元素进行了分析。结果表明:①相较于牡丹皮药材,药渣整体化合物的含量均显著降低,但其中丹皮酚、没食子酸、没食子酰基葡萄糖的含量大约是药材的1/3,而药渣堆肥后各化合物含量进一步显著降低,定量化合物均低于检测线。②对药渣和药渣堆肥的营养成分差异比较发现,相较于药渣,发现药渣堆肥中总氮(N)、总磷(P)、总钾(K)含量分别提高了122.67%、31.32%、120.39%,有机质含量提升了32.06%。因此牡丹皮药渣可以用于重新提取丹皮酚、没食子酸、没食子酰基葡萄糖等活性成分,牡丹皮药渣堆肥是一种优质的有机肥,其含有化学成分极微,可广泛应用于中药材的栽培。

Moutan Cortex(MC)residues produced after the extraction of MC can be re-extracted for active components and used to produce organic fertilizer and animal feed.However,they are currently disposed as domestic waste,which pollutes the environment.This study analyzed the chemical composition of the medicinal material,residues,and residue compost of MC by UPLC-UV-Q-TOFMS.Furthermore,the nutrient composition of MC residues and the residue compost was analyzed.The results showed that:①MC residues had lower content of chemicals than the medicinal material,and content of paeonol,gallic acid,and galloylglucose in MC residues were about 1/3 of that in the medicinal material.The content of chemicals were further reduced after residue composting,and the quantitative compounds were all below the limits of detection.②Compared with MC residues,the residue compost showed the total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,and organic matter content increasing by 122.67%,31.32%,120.39%,and 32.06%,respectively.Therefore,we concluded that the MC residues can be used to re-extract active compounds such as paeonol,gallic acid,and galloylglucose.The MC residue compost is a high-quality organic fertilizer containing minimal content of chemicals and can be widely used in the cultivation of Chinese medicinal herbs.