中国涉农专利产出的时空分化及影响因素分析

Temporal and Spatial Differentiation of Agricultural Patent Output in China and Its Influencing Factors

随着农业现代化进程的推进,涉农专利的重要性日渐显现。基于地级市视角,揭示2005—2020年不同维度下中国涉农专利申请数的时空分化情况,利用泰尔指数测度区域差异,并通过空间杜宾模型探究其影响因素。结果得出,中国涉农专利产出水平提高,在技术领域、申请主体方面差异明显,空间趋势基本一致;涉农专利空间分布不均,省内差异影响最大,但总体都有所缩小;人均GDP、农业科技经费和人员等多种因素影响专利产出,部分因素的空间溢出效应显著,且对四大区域影响参差不齐。实行差别政策,合理配置农业科技要素有利于涉农专利的持续健康发展。

With the advancement of agricultural modernization,the importance of agriculture-related patents has become increasingly apparent.Based on the perspective of prefecture-level cities,the spatio-temporal differentiation of the number of agriculture-related patent applications in China under different dimensions from 2005 to 2020 was revealed,Theil index to measure regional differences was used,and its influencing factors through the spatial Durbin model was explored.The results show that the output level of China’s agriculture-related patents has improved,and the differences in technical fields and application subjects are obvious,and the spatial trend is basically the same.The spatial distribution of agriculture-related patents is uneven,and the influence of provincial differences is the biggest,but the overall has been reduced.Many factors,such as per capita GDP,agricultural science and technology funds and personnel,affect patent output,and some factors have significant spatial spillover effects,and their impacts on the four regions are uneven.The implementation of differential policies and rational allocation of agricultural science and technology elements are conducive to the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture-related patents.