可再生能源配额制下电力市场发电主体决策优化模型

Optimization Model of Power Generation Subject Decision-Making in Electricity Market Under Renewable Energy Quota System

随着可再生能源发电技术的进步以及人们环保意识的提高,政府机构开始利用市场手段和激励政策来促进可再生能源的消纳。基于绿色证书交易的可再生能源配额制是国内外普遍实施的政策。该文分析了配额制下电力市场各个发电交易主体的交易架构,并详细阐述了传统能源发电商与可再生能源发电商之间的电力和绿证供需关系;以电力市场各发电交易主体的收益最大化为目标,构建决策优化模型;结合NSGA-Ⅱ算法与灰色关联投影法,求解出均衡状态下各市场交易主体的最优交易电量和成交价格。算例重点分析了配额比例调整对电力成交价格,以及火力发电商和风电生产商的电力交易量、收益所产生的影响。通过仿真实验可知:配额比例的提高,能有效地增加风电生产商的发电量,并减少火力发电商的发电量;火力发电商与风电生产商博弈的同时,提高了电力与绿证市场的交易价格。

With the progress of renewable energy generation technology and the improvement of people’s environmental awareness,government agencies have begun to use market means and incentive policies to promote the consumption of renewable energy.The renewable energy quota system based on green certificate trading is a widely implemented policy at home and abroad.This paper first analyzes the trading structure of each power generation trading entity in the electricity market under the quota system,and elaborates the power supply and demand relationship between traditional energy enterprises and renewable energy generators.Then,the equilibrium model is constructed with the goal of maximizing the income of each generation trading entity in the electricity market.Finally,NSGA-II algorithm and grey relational projection method are combined to solve the optimal trading power and transaction price of each market subject under the equilibrium state.The example analysis focuses on the impact of quota ratio adjustment on power transaction price,power transaction volume and profit of thermal power suppliers and green electricity suppliers.Through the simulation experiment,it can be seen that the increase of quota ratio can effectively increase the power generation of renewable energy generators and reduce the power generation of thermal power generators.The game between thermal power generators and renewable energy generators also increases the transaction price of electricity and green certificate market.