无锡地区腺样体肥大儿童的过敏原分布及临床意义分析

Distribution and clinical significance of allergens in children with adenoid hypertrophy in Wuxi district

目的研究腺样体肥大儿童的过敏原分布及其临床意义。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年10月无锡市第二人民医院耳鼻喉科收治的223例腺样体肥大儿童的过敏原检测结果,并设不伴腺样体肥大的儿童43例作为对照组,对结果进行比较。结果腺样体肥大组总过敏原阳性率为54.7%,对照组总过敏原阳性率为27.9%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。腺样体肥大组中吸入性过敏原阳性率为41.3%,以户/粉尘螨、霉菌为主;食入性过敏原阳性率为32.3%,以牛奶、鸡蛋白为主。腺样体肥大组按年龄分组,2~7岁组总过敏原阳性率为54.0%;8~14岁组总过敏原阳性率为55.7%,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论过敏原刺激是腺样体肥大发生的病因之一,户/粉尘螨、霉菌、牛奶、鸡蛋白是无锡地区腺样体肥大儿童的常见过敏原。并且过敏原刺激对腺样体肥大的影响并不随着年龄增长而呈下降趋势。因此,进行血清过敏原检测,可以了解患儿的特异性过敏原,对腺样体肥大儿童的非手术治疗提供方向。

Objective To study the distribution and clinical significance of allergens in children with adenoid hypertrophy.Methods The allergen detection results of 223 children with adenoid hypertrophy admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology,the Wuxi Second People’s Hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,while 43 children without adenoid hypertrophy were set as the control group.The allergy test results were compared between the two groups for difference.Results The positive rate of total allergens in adenoid hypertrophy group was 54.7%.The positive rate of total allergens in the control group was 27.9%.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the adenoid hypertrophy group,the positive rate of inhaled allergens was 41.3%,mainly mites/dusts and molds.The positive rate of ingested allergens was 32.3%,mainly milk and egg white.The adenoid hypertrophy group was divided according to age.The positive rate of total allergens was 54.0%in the 2-7 year old group.The positive rate of total allergens in the 8-14 year old group was 55.7%.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Allergen stimulation is one of the causes of adenoid hypertrophy.Mite,mold,milk and egg white are common allergens in children with adenoid hypertrophy in Wuxi.The effect of allergen stimulation on adenoid hypertrophy did not decrease with age.Therefore,the detection of serum allergens can help to understand the specific allergens of children and provide direction for the non-surgical treatment of children with adenoid hypertrophy.