絮叨,或用沉默求乞——《野草》的一种诗学读法

Babbling,or Begging with Silence:A Poetics in Interpreting Wild Grass

在杂文《怎么写》中,鲁迅描述过自己曾处于一种“想要写,但是不能写,无从写”的状态。在语言上素以“寸铁杀人,一针见血”闻名的鲁迅,何以在《野草》中呈现出一种“絮叨”的特质?凭借诗人的敏锐天性,当代诗人张枣意识到这种“失语”状态实为鲁迅经历的一场语言危机,且集中体现在《野草》的创作当中。张枣的发现重启了《野草》作为一个诗学文本的阅读方式。基于此,《野草》“絮叨”的诗学特质可被视为鲁迅写作风格的一种临时换气。经由这一视野重新理解《野草》在语言上犹豫反复、在内容上虚无颓废的成因,亦可勾连、描绘出鲁迅在《野草》创作期的精神世界的一个维度。

In his essay How to Write,Lu Xun depicted one of the states he experienced as that of‘feeling like to write,but being unable to write,and not knowing where to start’.Just how come that Lu Xun,renowned for his sharp and incisive language characterized by the carrying of‘a bit of iron ready to kill,and a needle ready to hit the mark’,exhibits a‘babbling’quality in Wild Grass?Drawing on the keen instincts of a poet,the contemporary poet Zhang Zao realized that this very state of‘incapacity to write’was,in fact,a language crisis incurred to Lu Xun.And it was prominently reflected in the creation of Wild Grass.Zhang Zao’s discovery revitalized the mode of reading Wild Grass in a way sourced in poetics.In this understanding,the poetic disposition of‘babbling’in Wild Grass could be seen as a temporary change in Lu Xun's writing style.A Reappraisal,through this perspective,of the causes of the hesitance and repetitiveness in word choice,coupled with a nihilistic and decadent tendency in the content of Wild Grass,is expected to help uncover another dimension of Lu Xun’s spiritual world during the creation of Wild Grass.