盛京将军与晚清时期盛京围场的丈放及设治

General Shengjing and Release and Prefecture Establishment of Shengjing Paddock in the Late Qing Dynasty

盛京围场设置于清初,由盛京将军负责封禁管理,其作用是行围练兵和“捕牲贡鲜”。晚清时期,由于东北边疆危机深重,清廷推行“移民实边、开禁招垦”政策,盛京围场也在开禁之列。几任盛京将军积极推进盛京围场的丈放和府县设置,促进了盛京围场的开发和满汉民族的融合。但在此过程中,由于盛京将军用人不当和监管不力,也出现了一些弊端,造成了消极影响。

The Shengjing paddock was set up in the early Qing Dynasty,and General Shengjing was responsible for its lockdown management.Its function was to train soldiers and"capture animals and pay fresh tributes".During the late Qing Dynasty,due to the severe crisis in the northeast border region,the Qing government implemented a policy of"immigration to border areas,lifting the lockdown and encouraging cultivation",and the Shengjing paddock was included.Several Generals Shengjing actively pushed forward the release of the Shengjing Paddock and the establishment of prefectures,promoting the development of the Shengjing paddock and the integration of Manchu and Han ethnic groups.But during this process,due to General Shengjing's improper use of personnel and inadequate supervision,there have also been some drawbacks,causing negative impacts.