民族植物学的发展趋势及其与社会科学的关系——基于生态人类学的视角

Development Trend of Ethnobotany and Its Relationship with Social Science——Based on Lens of Ecological Anthropology

民族植物学是现代学术界中最早打破自然科学和社会科学二元隔阂的学科之一。其创立填补了传统植物学对文化,即人的忽略,打开了科学探索民间植物资源和传统植物知识的大门。民族植物学在中国的发展成果丰硕,近年来因其实证科学倾向而受到质疑,同时也面临学科自身发展方向的选择等问题。民族植物学和生态人类学的研究既有重叠又各有侧重,学科目标亦有区别。在互为补充的同时,民族植物学和生态人类学以及其他人文科学积极合作,共同培养人才,可以在“人—植物—文化”的体系当中形成完整的认知链条。

Ethnobotany is one of the earliest disciplines in modern academia to break the duality barrier between natural science and social science.Its establishment filled the traditional botany's neglect of culture centered by man,and opened up the scientific exploration of folk plant resources and traditional plant knowledge.Ethnobotany has made great achievements in China.In recent years,it has been questioned because of its positive scientific tendency.Meanwhile,ethnobotany is also faced with problems such as the choice of its own developmental direction.The research of ethnobotany and ecological anthropology can overlap and have own emphases,and their goals vary.While complementing each other,ethnobotany,ecological anthropology and other humanities actively cooperate to train talents,which can form a complete cognitive chain in the system of “man-plant-culture.”