基于文本挖掘技术结合问卷调查的公众对老年艾滋病患者的情感态度分析

Analysis on public's emotional attitude towards elderly AIDS patients based on text mining technology and questionnaire survey

目的采用文本挖掘技术结合问卷调查的方法,探讨公众对老年感染艾滋病患者的情感态度。方法2016年12月1日-2022年5月31日,抓取微博对老年艾滋病患者的评论文本,利用集搜客GooSeeker软件和Python分析平台,对文本评论进行情感倾向分析。进一步面向社会人群发放调查问卷,分析不同文化程度人群对老年艾滋病患者的看法和态度。结果抓取7563条微博评论,清洗后有效评论6706条,经过GooSeeker软件分析清洗后得到针对老年艾滋病患者的态度特征词,出现100次以上的特征词有“不正经”(451次)、“难以置信”(298次)、“震惊”(249次)、“歧视”(116次)。公众对老年艾滋病,情感态度得分消极占比最高,高度消极占36.56%(2452/4590),中度消极占19.49%(1307/4590),一般消极占12.39%(831/4590);中性和积极情感得分相对较低。总计截取微博评论数6706条,其中消极情感微博评论数4590条,占67.9%。问卷调查显示,65.10%(215/330)本科及以上人群、48.40%(76/157)高中学历(含大专)及以下人群对老年艾滋病患者表示“正常,可以接受”,80.60%(266/330)本科及以上人群、73.20%(115/157)高中(含大专)及以下学历人群对老年艾滋病患者平等对待。不同文化程度对老年艾滋病患者的看法和态度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为54.201、42.286,P<0.05)。结论公众对老年艾滋病的认识较低,对老年艾滋病患者呈强消极性态度,存在一定的歧视和偏见的情感态度,文化程度高的人群对老年艾滋病患者的接受度高。

Objective A text mining technique combined with a questionnaire survey was used to explore the public's emotional attitudes towards older people infected with HIV.Methods From December 1,2016 to May 31,2022,the text of microblog comments on elderly AIDS patients was captured,and the text was analyzed for sentiment tendencies of the comments using the SetSeeker GooSeeker software and Python analysis platform.Results A total of 7563 Weibo comments were collected,and after cleaning,6706 valid comments were obtained.After analyzing the cleaned comments using GooSeeker software,attitude keywords towards elderly AIDS patients were identified.Keywords that appeared more than 100 times include“inappropriate”(451 times),“unbelievable”(298 times),“shocked”(249 times),and“discrimination”(116 times).The public's sentiment towards elderly AIDS patients was predominantly negative,with highly negative sentiment accounting for 36.56%(2452/4590),moderately negative sentiment accounting for 19.49%(1307/4590),and mildly negative sentiment accounting for 12.39%(831/4590).Neutral and positive sentiment scores were relatively low.Out of the total 6706 selected Weibo comments,4590 were negative in sentiment,accounting for 67.9%.According to a survey,65.10%(215/330)of individuals with a bachelor's degree or above,and 48.40%(76/157)of individuals with a high school diploma or below,expressed acceptance towards elderly AIDS patients.80.60%(266/330)of individuals with a bachelor's degree or above,and 73.20%(115/157)of individuals with a high school diploma or below,treated elderly AIDS patients equally.There were statistically significant differences in the views and attitudes towards elderly AIDS patients across different levels of education(χ^(2)=54.201 and 42.286,P<0.05).Conclusion The public has a low understanding of elderly AIDS,and exhibits strongly negative attitudes,including discrimination and biases towards elderly AIDS patients.There is a higher acceptance level among individuals with higher levels of education.