低碳导向下屋顶遮阳与异形外遮阳参数化整合设计——以西安某剧场项目为例

Parametric Integrated Design of Roof Shading and Special-shaped External Shading Under Low-carbon Orientation:A Case Study of a Theatre in Xi’an

建筑采用屋顶遮阳与外遮阳整合设计对塑造建筑立面形象和营造舒适的室内热环境有着相互关联的影响。近些年,采用工具Ladybug+Honeybee进行参数化性能设计来配合建筑方案成为设计趋势。以该工具为基础的设计实践进行研究和分析,对西安某剧场项目的遮阳形式解读归纳,得出采用屋顶遮阳与立面构件遮阳相结合的遮阳措施,并调用Radiance+EnegyPlus软件模拟建筑表面的累积太阳辐射量、围护结构综合能耗、表皮温度和夏季室内温度,分析了该项目采用的遮阳通风层隔热、遮阳表皮的热缓冲效应对建筑表面太阳辐射量、综合能耗的影响比例。经计算,与无遮阳条件对比,该项目采用的综合遮阳方式使得太阳辐射降低60%,围护结构全年综合能耗降低9%,夏季室温更接近舒适室内温度的要求,为建筑遮阳技术应用与屋顶、立面一体化的方案设计提供了一定的思路和参数参考。

The integrated design of roof-shading and external-shading in the building has an interrelated influence on shaping the facade image and creating a comfortable indoor thermal environment. In recent years, Ladybug + Honeybee is a trend tool for parameterized performance design in building schemes. This paper interprets and analyzes the application practices based on this tool. The sunshade forms of a theater project in Xi'an is summarized, obtaining the measures of combining the top roof shading and the facade component sun shading, simulating the accumulated solar radiation on the building surface with Radiance + EnergyPlus software, as well as the comprehensive energy consumption of the building envelope, the skin temperature and the summer indoor temperature. The influential ratio of both the insulation of sunshade-ventilation layer and thermal buffering of sunshade skin to the solar radiation and comprehensive energy consumption are expounded. According to the calculation, the comprehensive shading adopted by the project reduces the solar radiation by 60%, the comprehensive energy consumption of the enclosure structure reduces the solar radiation by 9%, and the indoor temperature in summer is closer to the comfort requirements, which provides a certain idea and parameter reference for the application of building shading technology and the integrated design of roof and facade schemes.