ASHRAE 228-2023简介及与我国相关标准的对比

Overview of ASHRAE 228-2023 and its Comparison with Relevant Standards in China

介绍了美国《零能耗和零碳建筑评价标准》(ASHRAE228—2023)的概况,标准提出了“净零能耗”建筑和“净零碳”建筑的定义,用于判定新建建筑与既有建筑的设计方案或运行状态是否达到净零能耗或净零碳排放。标准为跨建筑和跨场地边界的能量与碳的流动提出了量化计算方法,并对利用场外可再生能源和购买碳补偿制定了规则和限制条件。从适用范围、场地边界、能耗计算、碳排放计算、碳补偿5个方面介绍了该标准的主要技术内容。通过与我国《近零能耗建筑技术标准》《碳中和建筑评价导则》等标准对比发现,中美两国零能耗建筑和零碳建筑理念总体相通,但在计算方法存在不同。探讨了我国零碳(能耗)建筑评价体系存在的问题,提出了进一步完善标准体系的建议。

The general opinion of Method of Evaluating Zero Net Energy and Zero Net Carbon Building Performance(ASHRAE 228-2023)is presented, which sets requirements for evaluating whether a building or group of buildings meets a definition of “zero net energy” or whether those buildings meet a definition of “zero net carbon”. It provides a consistent method of expressing qualifications for zero net energy and zero net carbon buildings associated with the design of new buildings and the operation of existing buildings. Off-site renewable Energy procurement limit and Credited Carbon Offset limit are given. Its main technical contents from five perspectives of site, scope, boundary, source energy, greenhouse gas emissions, carbon offset. Comparing with technical standard for nearly zero energy buildings and assessment guideline for carbon-neutral building in China, the zero energy and carbon concept of USA is generally similar to Chinese standards, but the method of calculation is different. The problems existing in the assessment system of zero carbon building in China are discussed with suggestions for further improvement the assessment system.