苏州新见吴越国买地券考释及墓葬相关问题研究

A Study on the Interpretation of Land Purchase Certificates and Related Issues in the Newly Discovered Wuyue State Tomb in Suzhou

苏州板桥村M2出土买地券内容中记载的地理信息多与《吴地记》等早期文献相印证。券文记录的李府君下葬日为“岁次丙寅二月丙申十四日己酉”,是堪舆文献中记载的小通年用大通月配鸣吠日,是典型的择葬吉日。结合对李氏夫妇墓葬形制、出土明器及丧葬礼俗的综合分析,该墓葬形制与吴越国境内主流的丧葬形制有着较为显著的差异,反而与周边的杨吴、南唐等割据政权的丧葬文化存在着较为频繁的交流与互动。M2预埋买地券的情况与《地理新书》中记载的斩草仪式有关;M4棺底预置腰坑的情况则属于道教性质的葬仪;而其他神煞明器的出现也应与某种葬俗或宗教仪式有关。

The geographical information recorded in the land purchase certificate unearthed from Tomb M2 in Banqiao,Suzhou,aligns with early texts such as“Wu Di Ji”(History of Wu).The burial date mentioned in the certificate,“the 14th day of the second month of the bingyin year in the cyclical calendar”,corresponds to a favorable burial date based on Feng Shui literature—a common practice of selecting an auspicious day for burial.Through a comprehensive analysis of the burial structure,excavated artifacts,and funeral customs associated with the tomb of the Li family couple,it is observed that this burial structure differs significantly from the mainstream burial practices within the Wuyue State.Instead,it exhibits frequent exchanges and interactions with the burial culture of neighboring separatist regimes like Yang Wu and Southern Tang.The pre-burial placement of land purchase certificate in M2 is related to the grass-cutting ritual mentioned in Di Li Xin Shu(New Treatise on Geography).The pre-arranged waist pit in the bottom of the M4 coffin is associated with Taoist burial rites.The presence of other divine artifacts suggests a connection to specific funeral customs or religious ceremonies.