略论宋代的茔园

A Discussion on Song Dynasty Tombs and Cemeteries

通过对宋代茔园考古材料的初步梳理,可以大致了解其时空分布特征。在此基础上,可以发现宋代茔园从北宋中后期复兴至南宋时期,经历了从家族茔园向家庭茔园的转变。与此同时,宋代茔园在很大程度上也反映了当时的一些丧葬礼俗和宗族观念,并为宋代丧葬活动提供了重要的祭祀空间,而且宋代茔园的形制结构影响深远,在一些地区可以一直延续至元明清时期乃至近代。

Through a preliminary examination of archaeological materials related to Song Dynasty tombs and cemeteries,this article summarizes the main characteristics of their temporal and spatial distribution.It is observed that from the mid to late Northern Song to the Southern Song,there was a transformation of burial grounds from family cemeteries to individual household cemeteries.On this basis,this article points out that Song Dynasty tombs and cemeteries significantly reflect certain funeral customs and kinship concepts of that era.They served as crucial spaces for funeral activities during the Song Dynasty and had a lasting impact on burial practices,extending into the Yuan,Ming,and Qing dynasties and even into modern times in some regions.