《脉搏》中的疾病叙事和中医形象研究

Illness Narratives and the Image of Chinese Acupuncturist in"Pulse"

在《脉搏》中,朱利安·巴恩斯通过疾病叙事和塑造中医形象,对如何帮助老年人应对疾病展开文学思考。在疾病叙事中,巴恩斯主要采用恢复型叙事和追索型叙事分别对一对老年夫妇面临的嗅觉丧失症和运动神经元病进行书写。通过塑造父亲的爱妻形象和母亲圣地亚哥式的英雄形象,作者说明关爱和抵制隐喻性思维在面对疾病时的重要性。与此同时,巴恩斯以去妖魔化的方式塑造具有诸多中国传统美德的针灸师罗兹夫人:一方面,强调这种良好的医者形象可以赢得患者的信任,有益于激发患者恢复健康的美好心境,从而有助于患者积极面对疾病;另一方面,阐明其世界主义文化观——肯定东方文化,反对文化霸权主义并倡导文化多元论。

In his short story"Pulse",Julian Barnes explores how to help senior citizens deal with illness by weaving together illness narratives and portraying a Chinese acupuncturist.He adopts the restitution narrative and the quest narrative to dwell respectively on anosmia and motor neuron disease suffered by an old couple.Characterizing Dad as a caring and loving husband and Mum as a heroine like Hemingway's Santiago,Barnes illustrates the significance of love and anti-metaphorical thinking when handling illness.In the story,the de-demonizing image of a Chinese acupuncturist with many traditional Chinese virtues shows that such a doctor can win the patients'trust and help them to positively tackle illness in the healing process.The image of this Chinese acupuncturist epitomizes Barnes's cosmopolitan view of culture,which means affirming other cultures,opposing cultural hegemonism,and advocating cultural pluralism.