迟来的配享:宋宁宗庙配享功臣与晚宋政治

Belated Entitlement:The Ningzong Imperial Ancestral Temple Entitlement to Meritorious Officials in Song Dynasty and the Politics of the Late Song Dynasty

南宋中兴以来,功臣配享的特点是既祔即配。但是,宋宁宗祔庙后,配享功臣便搁置不议,达十年之久。就当时情形来看,赵汝愚有策立宋宁宗之功,史弥远有策立宋理宗之功。对理宗与史弥远而言,史弥远成为配享功臣,既关乎理宗继位的合法性,又可掩盖史弥远废弃济王后又将之逼死的失德行为。因此,二人有意搁置这一配享大事,以待史弥远逝后议定。对于这一安排,道学士大夫早有不满。在理宗亲政后,因济王案而与史弥远决裂的这批士大夫重返朝堂,从王朝礼仪、皇权的合法性、公议三方面向理宗施加政治压力,最终促使赵汝愚配享太庙。宁宗庙配享功臣的长期搁置并最终议定赵汝愚,显示出道学对理宗朝政治的深入影响。

Since the resurgence of Zhongxing of the Southern Song Dynasty,the entitlement for meritorious officials is characterized by enshrining in the imperial temple.However,after Ningzong's enshrining in the imperial temple in Song Dynasty,there has been no discussion about the entitlement for meritorious officials for ten years.Judging from the situation at that time,Zhao Ruyu had a plan to enthrone Ningzong of Song Dynasty,and Shi Miyuan had a plan to enthrone Lizong of the Song Dynasty.For Lizong and Shi Miyuan,Shi Miyuan became a meritorious official of entitlement,which not only related to the legitimacy of Lizong's succession,but also covered up Shi Miyuan's unethical behavior of dethroning Prince Ji and forcing him to die.Therefore,the two of them deliberately shelved this important matter of sharing and waiting for an agreement after Shi Miyuan's death.Taoist scholars and officials had long been dissatisfied with this arrangement.After Lizong came to power,these scholarbureaucrats who broke with Shi Miyuan due to Prince Ji's case returned to the court and exerted political pressure on Lizong from three aspects:the dynastic etiquette,the legitimacy of imperial power,and public dissent,which ultimately led to Zhao Ruyu being entitled to the imperiai family shrine.The longterm shelving and final agreement on Zhao Ruyu to be the meritorious official of Ningzong Ancestral Temple shows the profound influence of Taoism upon the politics of Lizong Dynasty.