“三庆会剧社”成立说与川剧诞生问题考辨

Research on the Founding Theory of"Sanqinghui Opera Club"and the Birth of Sichuan Opera

三庆会剧社是辛亥革命后的第一个川戏艺人剧团。“川剧始于三庆会剧社”说自20世纪80年代以来成为川剧研究界争论的焦点。梳理历史文献可知,在清代以前就有“四川戏”,三庆会剧社正是川剧对川戏艺术传统进行资源整合的一个重要环节。三庆会剧社对1912年“川剧”之名的形成,起到了重要的促进和催化作用,具有划时代的意义。

Sanqinghui Opera Club was the first Sichuan opera artist troupe after the Revolution of 191l.The theory that"Sichuan Opera Starting from Sanqinghui Opera Club"has become a focus of debate in the Sichuan Opera research community since the i98Os.A review of historical documents shows that there was"Sichuan Opera"before the Qing Dynasty,and Sanqinghui Opera Club was an important link in integrating resource of the artistic tradition of Sichuan Opera.Sanqinghui Opera Club,Tea Garden fixed performances,Opera Improvement Association,and Sichuan Railway Protection Movement were landmark events in the birth of"Sichuan Opera"and jointly announced the birth of Sichuan Opera.It played an important role in promoting and catalyzing the formation of the name"Sichuan Opera"in i912,which was of epoch-making significance.