茄子果实形状的主基因+多基因遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Eggplant Fruit Shape by Mixture Model of Major Genes and Polygenes

果实形状是园艺作物商品性的主要指标之一。明确茄子果实形状的遗传规律可为开发相关分子标记以及选育消费者喜欢的果形新品种提供依据。本研究以卵圆茄BC01和长条茄Rf为亲本,构建P_(1)、P_(2)、F_(1)、F_(2)世代遗传群体,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析方法对果实纵径、横径和果形指数进行遗传分析。结果表明,茄子果实纵径、横径和果形指数之间呈极显著相关性,F_(2)代的果实纵径、横径和果形指数均呈双峰偏态分布。果实纵径由1对加性-显性主基因控制,遗传效应以加性效应控制为主,主基因起增效作用,在F_(2)代的遗传率为73.41%;果实横径由2对等加性主基因控制,主基因起减效作用,在F_(2)代的遗传率为90.99%;果形指数由1对加性主基因控制,在F_(2)代的遗传率为81.46%。

Fruit shape is one of the main assessment indicators for the commodity of horticultural crops.Clarifying the genetic law of eggplant fruit shape can provide a basis for the development of relevant molecular markers and the selection of new fruit-shaped varieties that consumers like.The genetic populations of P_(1),P_(2),F_(1),F_(2)were constructed with the oval eggplant BC01 and long strip eggplant Rf.The major gene+polygene mixed genetic model was used to analyze the fruit longitudinal diameter(FLD),transverse diameter(FTD)and fruit shape index(FSI).The results showed that there was a very significant correlation among FLD,FTD and FSI of eggplant.FLD,FTD and FSI of F_(2)generation presented a unimodal skew distribution.FLD is controlled by a pair of additive-dominant main genes,and the genetic effect is mainly controlled by additive effect.The main genes play a synergistic role,and the heritability of main gene in the F_(2)generation is 73.41%.FTD is controlled by two pairs of additive main genes that act synergistically.The heritability of main genes in the F_(2)generation was 90.99%.FSI is controlled by a pair of additive major genes.The heritability of the major genes in the F_(2)generation was 81.46%.