基于气机升降理论探讨花、子、梗、藤药物在郁证治疗中的作用

Discussion on the application of special parts of plants " flowers, seeds, stems, and vine" in the treatment of depression based on theory the of qi movement

气机的升降运动维持着人体正常生理功能,气机升降失常、郁滞不通则变生郁证,因此治疗郁证重在调畅气机、恢复气机正常升降运动。中医的“法象药理”理论将植物入药部位与药性升降相关联,在临床实践中多有证实。本文选取治疗郁证的常用药物中具有特殊性和代表性的植物花、子、梗、藤入药部位,借助气机升降理论,解析花类药、子类药、梗类药和藤类药在郁证治疗中,在调节气机升降运动和脏腑关系中发挥的重要作用。花类药轻清升散,具有调理气血、芳香怡神的作用;子类药沉实降敛,具有去除兼邪、润养安神的作用;梗、藤类药枢转通达,具有枢转斡旋、通达络脉的作用。花、子、梗、藤类药物能够调节气机的升降运动,在治疗郁证时配伍应用,能够充分发挥中医药治疗特色。通过总结特色用药规律,希望能够发挥中药药性理论优势,拓宽临床的选药范围,启发新的治疗思路。

The normal ascending and descending movements of qi maintain the physiological functions of the human body.If qi rises and falls abnormally or stagnates,this can result in depression.Therefore,the treatment of depression focuses on the regulation of qi movement and restoration of its ascending and descending circulation.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has pharmacological theory based on the correspondence between nature,human,and herbs,which associates the medicinal parts of plants with the characteristics of ascending and descending of medicinal action.This theory has been widely confirmed in clinical practice.In this article,we discuss the special parts of plants,flowers,seeds,stems,and vine,used in the treatment of depression in the context of ascending and descending of qi movement.We analyze the important role of flower drugs,seed drugs,stem drugs,and vine drugs in regulating qi ascending and descending movement and the relationship between viscera in the treatment of depression.We believe that flower drugs are light and clear and have the role of"regulating qi and blood,fragrant and refreshing";seed drugs have the effect of"removing pathogenic factors,nourishing and calming the mind";and stem and vine drugs have the function of"pivoting to mediate and unblock collaterals."We hope to leverage the theoretical advantages of TCM,broaden the selection of clinical medicinals,and provide new treatment ideas.