放射诊疗护理人员心理困扰与职业认同及辐射防护认知的关系

The relationship between psychological distress and professional identity and radiation protection cognition among nursing staffs in radiology diagnosis and treatment

目的探究放射诊疗护理人员心理困扰与职业认同、辐射防护认知的关系。方法2022年4-6月抽取本市5所三甲医院放射诊疗护理人员,采用一般资料调查表、心理困扰量表(Kessler 10)、职业认同评定量表、辐射防护认知评定表进行调查。结果发放问卷218份,有效回收214份(98.16%);Kessler 10评分10~42分,平均(25.85±7.02)分。Kessler 10评分放射工作年限<5年者高于5~10年、>10年者,日工作时间>8 h者高于≤8 h者,月薪资收入<8000元者高于≥8000元者,近1年平均晚夜班频率≥4次/月者高于<4次/月者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)/Z=9.200、2.734、2.147、4.108,P均<0.05)。心理困扰与职业认同总分、辐射防护认知评分呈负相关(r=-0.864、-0.762,P均<0.05)。日工作时间>8 h(B=3.169,95%CI:0.921~5.418)、近1年平均晚夜班频率≥4次/月(B=4.766,95%CI:2.550~6.981)、月薪资收入≥8000元(B=-2.067,95%CI:-3.983~-0.150)、职业社会支持(B=-0.414,95%CI:-0.577~-0.251)、职业认知评价(B=-0.101,95%CI:-0.187~-0.016)、职业挫折应对(B=-0.457,95%CI:-0.622~-0.291)、职业社交技能(B=-0.324,95%CI:-0.537~-0.110)、职业自我反思(B=-0.539,95%CI:-0.855~-0.222)及辐射防护认知(B=-0.485,95%CI:-0.844~-0.127)是心理困扰的影响因素(P均<0.05)。结论放射诊疗护理人员心理困扰状况待改善,职业认同、辐射防护认知水平与职业因素共同影响心理困扰水平。

Objective To explored the relationship between psychological distress and professional identity and radiation protection cognition among nursing staffs in radiology diagnosis and treatment.Methods From April to June2022,the nursing staff specializing in radiology diagnosis and treatment from 5 hospitals with grade A class 3 in Beijing were selected.The General data Questionnaire,Kessler psychological distress scale(Kessler 10),occupational identity Rating Scale,and radiation protection cognitive Rating Scale were used to investigate.Results A total of 218questionnaires were distributed,and 214(98.16%)were effectively recovered.Kessler 10 scores ranged from 10 to 42points,with an average of(25.85±7.02)points.The Kessler 10 score of radiation working years<5 years was higher than 5—10 years and>10 years;the Kessler 10 socre of daily working time>8 h was higher than≤8 h;the Kessler10 socre of monthly salary income<8000 yuan was higher than≥8000 yuan;the Kessler 10 socre of average frequency of night shift in recent one year≥4 times/month was higher than<4 times/month;These differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)/Z=9.200,2.734,2.147,4.108,respectively,P<0.05).The psychological distress score was negatively correlated with the total score of professional identity or the cognitive score of radiation protection(r=-0.864 and-0.762,respectively,P<0.05).Factors including the daily working time>8 h(B=3.169,95%CI:0.921—5.418),the average frequency of late night shift in recent one year≥4times/month(B=4.766,95%CI:2.550—6.981),the monthly salary≥8000 yuan(B=-2.067,95%CI:-3.983—-0.150),the occupational social support(B=-0.414,95%CI:-0.577—-0.251),the occupational cognitive evaluation(B=-0.101,95%CI:-0.187—-0.016),coping with career frustration(B=-0.457,95%CI:-0.622—-0.291),occupational social skills(B=-0.324,95%CI:-0.537—-0.110),occupational self-reflection(B=-0.539,95%CI:-0.855—-0.222),and radiation protection cognition(B=-0.485,95%CI:-0.844—-0.127),affected the psychological distress(P<0.05).Conclusion The psychological distress of the nursing staff in radiology diagnosis and treatment needs to be improved.Occupational identity,radiation protection cognition level,and occupational factors jointly affect the level of psychological distress.