斜向浪作用下斜坡堤顶部挡浪墙受力分析

Force of wave wall on top of slope embankment under oblique wave action

将某斜坡式引堤工程的挡浪墙断面物理模型试验结果与国标、Jensen&Bradbury方法、Pedersen方法以及Martin方法理论计算结果进行比较。结果表明,Martin方法计算冲击、脉动压强公式的合力数值以及分布形态都与断面物理模型结果较为吻合,推荐用于计算挡浪墙水平波压力、浮托力。挡浪墙水平波压力在掩护棱体上方达到最大值,在掩护棱体上方和掩护棱体内都减少,L形挡浪墙结构可以使水平波压力在挡浪墙底部迅速减小,从而减小整个挡浪墙底部受到的浮托力合力。浮托力沿着挡浪墙底部线性减小,在挡浪墙后沿根部并不为0。通过比较断面物理模型和整体三维物理模型试验结果,挡浪墙对未掩护区域的折减效果显著,对掩护区域的折减效果较差,而对浮托力基本没有折减;波向角越大,折减系数越小;折减后的波浪形态基本不变。

We compare the results of the section physical model test of a sloping embankment project with the theoretical calculation results of the national standard,Jensen&Bradbury method,Pedersen method,and Martin method.The results show that the combined force values and distribution patterns of Martin method's impact and pulsation pressure formulas are in good agreement with the section physical model result,so it is recommended for calculating the horizontal wave pressure and buoyancy of the wave wall.The distribution pattern of wave force on the wave wall is that the horizontal wave pressure on the wave wall reaches its maximum value above the cover prism,and decreases both above and within the cover prism.The L-shaped wave wall structure can quickly reduce the horizontal wave pressure at the bottom,thereby reducing the buoyancy force on the entire bottom of the wave wall.The buoyancy force decreases linearly along the bottom of the wave wall,and is not zero at the root behind the wall.By comparing the results of sectional and overall 3D model tests,it is found that the wave pressure has a significant reduction on the uncovered area,but has a poor reduction on the covered area,while there is basically no reduction in buoyancy.The larger the wave direction angle,the smaller the reduction coefficient.The reduced wave shape remains basically unchanged.