长江和西江大型船闸通航运行关键技术研究与展望

Key technology research and outlook for large ship lock navigationin Xijiang River and the Yangtze River

保障长江和西江大型船闸通航枢纽的畅通、安全、高效意义重大。针对闸-船-航道三要素影响因素多、耦合性强,航道水流非定常,水位变幅高、变率快等难题,研究大型船闸通过能力多维分析建模与仿真、非恒定流下船闸航道水动力学特性分析、多约束非定常船-闸水动力学精细化建模等方法,攻克了复杂多变条件下船闸中间航道通航、新标准船型与船闸协同下快速过闸、大型船闸扩能建设工程设计等船闸通过能力提升关键技术,以及大型船闸联动安全控制、关键设备运行智能监测、通航安全风险防控等联动运行安全控制关键技术,构建长江和西江大型船闸高效安全通航工程技术体系,并建立通航调度与安全一体化管控平台。从多尺度动力学、数字孪生、智能化与国产化和绿色生态技术等方面,展望大型船闸通航运行科技发展的方向。

It is of great significance to ensure the smooth,safe and efficient navigation hub of the large-scale ship locks on Xijiang River and the Yangtze River.Aiming at the problems that the three elements of lock-ship-channel have many influencing factors and strong coupling,channel water flow is unsteady,water level has high amplitude and fast rate of change,etc.,the multi-dimensional analysis modeling and simulation of large-scale ship lock passing capacity,unsteady flow down ship lock channel of hydrodynamic characteristics analysis,multi-constraint unsteady ship-lock hydrodynamics refinement modeling and other methods are studies.These methods overcome the problems of navigating the middle channel of the lock under complex and changeable conditions,rapid lock-passing under the cooperation of new standard ship types and locks,and key technologies for improving large-scale ship lock passing capacity such as capacity expansion construction engineering design,as well as key technologies for joint operation safety control such as large-scale ship lock linkage safety control,key equipment operation intelligent monitoring,and navigation safety risk prevention and control.The efficient and safe navigation engineering technology system for large-scale ship locks on Xijiang River and the Yangtze River is built.An integrated management and control platform for general aviation dispatching and safety is established.From the aspects of multi-scale dynamics,digital twins,intelligence and localization,and green ecological technology,the development direction of large-scale ship lock navigation operation technology is prospected.