美军装备作战适用性评价研究

Research on the Operational Suitability Evaluation of US Military Equipment

系统梳理了美军装备作战适用性相关组织机构及其管理要求,分析了作战适用性的内涵与评价要素,对比了美军各军种常用作战适用性量化评价指标。经分析发现:美军作战适用性评价聚焦于单个装备而非装备体系,并建立了较完整的作战适用性评价管理要求文件;评价指标体系更“扁平化”,即关注问题发现与关闭,弱化了作战适用性评价是否通过的结论;各军种对作战适用性的内涵理解一致,但根据装备类型特点,制定了差异化的指标来考核相应要素。

This paper systematically reviews the relevant organizational structures and management requirements for operational suitability evaluation of US military equipment,analyzes the connotation and evaluation elements of operational suitability,and compares the commonly used quantitative evaluation indicators of operational suitability for various military services.It is found:the evaluation of operational suitability for the US military focuses on individual equipment rather than equipment systems and has established a relatively complete management requirement document.The evaluation indicator system is"flattened",which means the focus is on discovering and solving problems,and weakened the conclusion of whether the operational suitability evaluation has passed or not.The various military services have a consistent understanding of the connotation of operational suitability.However,according to the characteristics of equipment types,each military service has developed differentiated indicators to assess the corresponding elements.