内生真菌对雷公藤组培苗生长、生理及药用成分含量的影响

Effects of endophytic fungi on growth, physiology, and medicinal component content in tissue culture seedlings of Tripterygium wilfordii

分析了雷公藤(Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.)11株内生真菌的促生潜力,并将11株内生真菌与雷公藤组培苗共生培养,研究了其对组培苗生长、叶片叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数、主要营养元素含量以及雷公藤红素和雷公藤甲素含量的影响。结果表明:雷公藤11株内生真菌均具有分泌吲哚乙酸、产铁载体和溶磷能力,其中,菌株NS6、NS7、NS14和NS32的吲哚乙酸分泌量较大(大于17.00 mg·L^(-1)),菌株NS1、NS4、NS6、NS25和NS33的产铁载体能力很高〔80%<铁载体相对产量(SP)≤100%〕,菌株NS1、NS4、NS6、NS13和NS31溶磷量较大(大于0.70 mg·L^(-1))。与对照相比,菌株NS1、NS6、NS31、NS32和NS33总体显著(P<0.05)增加雷公藤组培苗的单株鲜质量和干质量,其中,菌株NS6、NS32和NS33显著增加组培苗株高,菌株NS1和NS6显著促进组培苗最长根长,菌株NS6显著增加组培苗单株叶片数。与对照相比,除菌株NS13外,其余10株菌株均显著提高组培苗叶片叶绿素含量;菌株NS1、NS7、NS18、NS31和NS32显著提高组培苗叶片最大荧光,菌株NS14显著提高组培苗叶片PSⅡ最大光化学效率。与对照相比,菌株NS1、NS7、NS14、NS31、NS32和NS33显著提高组培苗C、P和K含量,菌株NS1、NS4、NS32和NS33显著提高组培苗N含量。与对照相比,11株内生真菌均能显著提高组培苗根和茎中雷公藤红素含量,仅菌株NS33显著提高叶片中雷公藤红素含量;与11株内生真菌共生培养的组培苗茎和叶片中未检出雷公藤甲素,菌株NS6、NS7、NS13、NS25、NS32和NS33显著提高根中雷公藤甲素含量。综合研究认为,菌株NS1、NS6、NS31、NS32和NS33具有多种促生潜力且能改善雷公藤组培苗生长,促进根和茎中雷公藤红素积累;菌株NS6、NS32和NS33促进根中雷公藤甲素积累,具有较好的应用潜力。

The growth-promoting potentials of 11 endophytic fungi from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.were analyzed,11 endophytic fungi were co-cultured with tissue culture seedlings of T.wilfordii,and their effects on tissue culture seedling growth,leaf chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,contents of major nutrient elements,and contents of tripterine and triptolide were studied.The results show that 11 endophytic fungi of T.wilfordii all possess the abilities to secrete indole acetic acid,produce siderophore,and solubilize phosphate,among which,the indole acetic acid secretion amounts of strains NS6,NS7,NS14,and NS32 are relatively large(greater than 17.00 mg·L^(-1)),the siderophore producing ability of strains NS1,NS4,NS6,NS25,and NS33 is very high〔80%<siderophore production(SP)≤100%〕,and the phosphate solubilizations of strains NS1,NS4,NS6,NS13,and NS31 are relatively large(greater than 0.70 mg·L^(-1)).Compared with the control,strains NS1,NS6,NS31,NS32,and NS33 significantly(P<0.05)increase the fresh mass and dry mass per plant of tissue culture seedlings of T.wilfordii in general,among which,strains NS6,NS32,and NS33 significantly increase the height of tissue culture seedlings,strains NS1 and NS6 significantly increase the longest root length of tissue culture seedlings,and strain NS6 significantly promotes the leaf number per plant of tissue culture seedlings.Compared with the control,except for strain NS13,the other 10 strains can all significantly promote the chlorophyll content in leaf of tissue culture seedlings;strains NS1,NS7,NS18,NS31,and NS32 significantly enhance the maximum fluorescence of leaf of tissue culture seedlings,and strain NS14 significantly enhances the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡof leaf of tissue culture seedlings.Compared with the control,strains NS1,NS7,NS14,NS31,NS32,and NS33 can significantly increase the contents of C,P,and K in tissue culture seedlings,and strains NS1,NS4,NS32,and NS33 can significantly increase the N content in tissue culture seedlings.Compared with the control,11 endophytic fungi can all significantly elevate the tripterine contents in root and stem of tissue culture seedlings,and only strain NS33 significantly increases the tripterine content in leaf;triptolide is not detected in stem and leaf of tissue culture seedlings co-cultured with 11 endophytic fungi,and strains NS6,NS7,NS13,NS25,NS32,and NS33 significantly increase the triptolide content in root.The comprehensive study suggests that strains NS1,NS6,NS31,NS32,and NS33 possess multiple growth-promoting potentials,can improve the growth of tissue culture seedlings of T.wilfordii,and promote the accumulation of tripterine in root and stem;strains NS6,NS32,and NS33 promote the accumulation of triptolide in root,which have a relatively good application potential.