家庭政治视角下农村青年女性的养老实践、权力提升及其悖论

The Practice of Elderly Care, Power Promotion and Paradox of Rural Youth Women from the Perspective of Family Politics

家庭现代化发展过程中,农村青年女性的家庭权力与家庭养老实践之间存在因果定律,反之则较少谈及。以家庭政治为出发点,从“养老—夺权”的逆向倒逼视角探究农村青年女性养老实践与家庭权力之间的作用机制。研究发现,现代农村社会的代际关系呈现一种以“养”为中介的权力交换,青年女性主动承担的养老责任、积极的养老意愿以及亲代强烈的养老期待是致使老年个体权力转让及女性家庭权力提升的隐形推力,从而易使老年人陷入行为困境中。而对于养老期待较弱的老年个体,在女儿依赖及经济资本的加持下自我意识逐渐增强,崛起的老年个体在一定程度上弱化了农村青年女性的家庭权力。家庭养老与女性家庭权力之间实则存在双向建构的作用关系,隐藏在其中的逻辑过程是引发现有养老状况不一的重要因素。

In the process of modernization of family development,there is a causal relationship between rural young women's family power and family elderly care practices,while the opposite is less discussed.Exploring the mechanism of the interaction between rural young women's elderly care practices and family power from the perspective of"elderly care-power seizure"based on family politics,the study found that in modern rural society,inter-generational relationships present a kind of power exchange mediated by"care",where the active elderly care responsibilities are assumed by young women,their positive elderly care willingness,and the strong elderly care expectations of their parents are the invisible driving forces for the transfer of power to the elderly and the promotion of female family power,thus easily trapping the elderly into behavioral dilemmas.For the elderly with weaker elderly care expectations,under the dependence of daughters and the support of economic capital,their self-awareness gradually strengthens,and the rising elderly individuals to some extent weaken the family power of rural young women.There is actually a bidirectional constructive relationship between family elderly care and female family power,and the underlying logic process is an important factor causing the current diverse elderly care situations.